<span>Valence is defined as number of electrons that are present in the outermost orbital. Oxygen is in the 16th column of the periodic table and the total number of valance electrons is determined by units place digit of the column position which is 6 for oxygen. The outermost orbital is the high energy level and there are two in that orbit. So the valance is +2.</span>
<span>I think the correct answer is no. The sugars in the apple juice do not need to be broken down before used as an energy source. The sugar in the said drink are mostly fructose which can be metabolized by the body for use. Hope this answers the question.</span>
