a. The push is 150 N and acts to the right while the frictional force is 150 N and acts to the left.
b. The weight is 490 N and acts downwards while the normal force is 490 N and acts upwards.
c. The package moves 1.8 m
d. The package's acceleration is 0 m/s²
<h3>a. The horizontal forces</h3>
The push is 150 N and acts to the right while the frictional force is 150 N and acts to the left.a
Since the direction of push and the floor is horizontal, and first horizontal force acting on the package is the push and its magnitude is 150 N.
Also, a frictional force also acts to oppose the motion of the package.
Since the packge moves at a constant velocity of 0.6 m/s, its acceleration is zero and thus the net force on the package is zero.
Let
- F = push force and
- f = frictional force
So, F - f = 0
F = f
= 150 N
So, the frictional force is 150 N and opposite to the push.
So, the push is 150 N and acts to the right while the frictional force is 150 N and acts to the left.
<h3>b Vertical forces on package</h3>
The weight is 490 N and acts downwards while the normal force is 490 N and acts upwards.
Since the floor is horizontal, the vertical forces that act on the package are its weight and the normal force due to the ground.
The direction of the weight is downwards while the direction of the normal force is upwards.
Since the floor is horizontal and the package does not move in the vertical direction, the net vertical force is zero.
- Let W = weight of package = mg where
- m = mass of package = 50 kg and
- g = acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 m/s² and
- N = normal force
So, the net force N - W = 0
N = W
= mg
= 50 kg × 9.8 m/s²
= 490 N
So, the weight is 490 N and acts downwards while the normal force is 490 N and acts upwards.
<h3>c. Distance package moves</h3>
The package moves 1.8 m
Since distance, d = vt where
- v = velocity = 0.6 m/s and
- t = time = 3 s
So, d = vt
= 0.6 m/s × 3 s
= 1.8 m
So, the package moves 1.8 m
<h3>d. The package's acceleration</h3>
The package's acceleration is 0 m/s²
Since the net force on the package is zero, its acceleration is also zero. Since force, F = ma where
- m = mass of package and
- a = acceleration of package
Since F = 0,
ma = 0
a = 0
So, the package's acceleration is 0 m/s²
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