Answer:
An elementary particle that is identical with the nucleus of the hydrogen atom, that along with the neutron is a constituent of all other atomic nuclei, that carries a positive charge numerically equal to the charge of an electron.
Example:
The nucleus of a hydrogen atom or the H+ ion is an example of a proton. Regardless of the isotope, each atom of hydrogen has 1 proton; each helium atom contains 2 protons; each lithium atom contains 3 protons and so on.
The percent yield of the reaction between ammonia gas with oxygen gas is 90.52%.
A chemical reaction between ammonia gas (NH3) with oxygen gas (O2)
NH₃ + O₂ → NO₂ + H₂O
The balanced reaction 4NH₃ + 7O₂ → 4NO₂ + 6H₂O
Calculate the number of moles from the reactant
- Ammonia gas
Molar mass N = 14 gr/mol
Molar mass H = 1 gr/mol
Molar mass NH₃ = 14 + (3 × 1) = 14 + 3 = 17 gr/mol
mass = 28.5 grams
n = m ÷ molar mass = 28.5 ÷ 17 = 1.68 mol - Oxygen gas
Molar mass O = 16 gr/mol
Molar mass O₂ = 16 × 2 = 32 gr/mol
mass = 83.4 grams
n = m ÷ molar mass = 83.4 ÷ 32 = 2.61 mol - n O₂ ÷ coefficient O₂ = 2.61 ÷ 7 = 0.37
n NH₃ ÷ coefficient NH₃ = 1.68 ÷ 4 = 0.42
0.42 > 0.37 it means that the ammonia gas is in excess and the O₂ is limiting.
According to stoichiometry, the number of moles NO₂ with the number of moles O₂ has the ratio with the coefficient in reaction.
- Theoretically the number moles of NO₂
n O₂ : n NO₂ = 7 : 4
2.61 : n NO₂ = 7 : 4
n NO₂ = 4 x 2.61 : 7 = 1.49 mol - The actual number of moles NO₂
Molar mas NO₂ = 14 + (16 × 2) = 14 + 32 = 46 gr/mol
n NO₂ = m ÷ molar mass = 61.9 ÷ 46 = 1.35 mol
The percent yield NO₂ is the ratio of the actual number of moles NO₂ with the theoretical number of moles NO₂ times 100%.
P = (1.35 ÷ 1.49) × 100%
P = 0.9052 × 100%
P = 90.52%
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Answer:
Vapor pressure = 0.7566atm
Explanation:
The approach applied is raoult's law of ideal solution which says that the vapor pressure of a solvent in a solution is equal to the vapor pressure of the pure solvent multiplied by the mole fraction in the solution.
Mathematically, pA = NA x P'A
pB = NB x p'B
And, pT = pA + pB, not all liquids obey raoult's law, the mixtures which obey roault's law are called IDEAL SOLUTIONS.
The step by step calculations is shown in the attachment
Answer:
[H2] = [I2] = 0.64M; [HI] = 4.72M
Explanation:
Based on the reaction:
H2 + I2 ⇄ 2HI
The K is defined as:
k = 54.3 = [HI]² / [H2] [I2]
<em>Where [] is molar concentration of each reactant at equilibrium</em>
As the initial concentration of HI is 6mol/dm^3 = 6M the equilibrium concentration of each reactant is:
[H2] = X
[I2] = X
[HI] = 6 - 2X
<em>Where X is reaction coordinate</em>
<em />
Replacing:
54.3 = [6-2X]² / [X] [X]
54.3X² = 4X² - 24X + 36
0 = -50.3X² - 24X + 36
Solving for X:
X = -1.12. False solution, produce negative concentrations
X = 0.64M. Right solution
Replacing:
[H2] = 0.64M
[I2] = 0.64M
[HI] = 6 - 2*0.64M = 4.72M
Equilibrium concentrations are:
<h3>[H2] = [I2] = 0.64M; [HI] = 4.72M</h3>