All categories

2 years ago

What are differences between meiosis and mitosis?

Biology

1 answer:

kolezko [41]2 years ago

5 0

Differences Between Mitosis and Meiosis

1. Cell Division

Mitosis: A somatic cell divides once. Cytokinesis (the division of the cytoplasm) occurs at the end of telophase. Meiosis: A reproductive cell divides twice. Cytokinesis happens at the end of telophase I and telophase II.

2. Daughter Cell Number

Mitosis: Two daughter cells are produced. Each cell is diploid containing the same number of chromosomes. Meiosis: Four daughter cells are produced. Each cell is haploid containing one-half the number of chromosomes as the original cell.

3. Genetic Composition

Mitosis: The resulting daughter cells in mitosis are genetic clones (they are genetically identical). No recombination or crossing over occur. Meiosis: The resulting daughter cells contain different combinations of genes. Genetic recombination occurs as a result of the random segregation of homologous chromosomes into different cells and by the process of crossing over (transfer of genes between homologous chromosomes).

4. Length of Prophase

Mitosis: During the first mitotic stage, known as prophase, chromatincondenses into discrete chromosomes, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and spindle fibers form at opposite poles of the cell. A cell spends less time in prophase of mitosis than a cell in prophase I of meiosis. Meiosis: Prophase I consists of five stages and lasts longer than prophase of mitosis. The five stages of meiotic prophase I are leptotene, zygotene, pachytene, diplotene, and diakinesis. These five stages do not occur in mitosis. Genetic recombination and crossing over take place during prophase I.

5. Tetrad Formation

Mitosis: Tetrad formation does not occur. Meiosis: In prophase I, pairs of homologous chromosomes line up closely together forming what is called a tetrad. A tetrad consists of four chromatids(two sets of sister chromatids).

6. Chromosome Alignment in Metaphase

Mitosis: Sister chromatids (duplicated chromosome comprised of two identical chromosomes connected at the centromere region) align at the metaphase plate (a plane that is equally distant from the two cell poles). Meiosis: Tetrads (homologous chromosome pairs) align at the metaphase plate in metaphase I.

7. Chromosome Separation

Mitosis: During anaphase, sister chromatids separate and begin migrating centromere first toward opposite poles of the cell. A separated sister chromatid becomes known as daughter chromosome and is considered a full chromosome. Meiosis: Homologous chromosomes migrate toward opposite poles of the cell during anaphase I. Sister chromatids do not separate in anaphase I.

You might be interested in

Water is a polar compound because it exhibits____charges

Art [367]

Answer:

I think it is negative charges

Explanation:

hope this helps :)

6 0

2 years ago

All organisms undergo glycolysis. The final product of glycolysis is pyruvate, a 3-carbon molecule. When will pyruvate undergo f

Naddik [55]

Answer:

The correct answer is given below:

Explanation:

Depending upon the availability of oxygen, pyruvic acid follows, a variety of metabolic pathways.

In the absence of oxygen or under anaerobic conditions, the pyruvic acid further metabolised into one of three pathways: lactic acid fermentation, alcohol fermentation and cellular anaerobic respiration. During fermentation or anaerobic respiration 2 ATP is produced.

In the presence of oxygen or under aerobic conditions, the pyruvic acid completely oxidised to carbon dioxide, water and 38 ATP.

5 0

2 years ago

What might cause an ecosystem not to return to its original climax community after a disturbance

Nataly_w [17]

If organisms that lived there before had exceeded the carrying capacity then the ecosystem would no longer be able to sustain life

5 0

2 years ago

In the context of stress hormones and the brain, _____ has a profound effect on the hippocampus, a brain structure that plays a

tatiyna

The correct term to fill in the blank would be cortisol. In the context of stress hormones and the brain, cortisol has a profound effect on the hippocampus, a brain structure that plays a pivotal role in memory. Cortisol is classified as a steroid hormone which is produced by the adrenal gland. It is deemed as the stress hormone as it is released as a response to stress as part of the fight or flight process. From studies, cortisol was found to have effect on the hippocampus when present in high levels. It damage and kill the cells in that area of the brain. The hippocampus is the area of the brain that is responsible for the long term memory storage. So, when this part is damage then the storage for our memories would surely be affected.

3 0

3 years ago

The finely divided red, brown, and yellow soil coloring originates by what process?

Inessa [10]

The answer for this question is D.Mechanical weathering of very fing grained blue grey clays

Hope i helped please brainliest answer if possible

5 0

2 years ago