Answer:
The interval that describes how long it takes for passengers to board the middle 95% of the time is between 40.16 minutes and 55.84 minutes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Problems of normally distributed samples can be solved using the z-score formula.
In a set with mean
and standard deviation
, the zscore of a measure X is given by:
![Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Z%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7BX%20-%20%5Cmu%7D%7B%5Csigma%7D)
The Z-score measures how many standard deviations the measure is from the mean. After finding the Z-score, we look at the z-score table and find the p-value associated with this z-score. This p-value is the probability that the value of the measure is smaller than X, that is, the percentile of X. Subtracting 1 by the pvalue, we get the probability that the value of the measure is greater than X.
In this problem, we have that:
.
Which interval describes how long it takes for passengers to board the middle 95% of the time?
This is between the 2.5th percentile and the 97.5th percentile.
So this interval is the value of X when Z has a a pvalue of 0.025 and the value of X when Z has a pvalue of 0.975
Lower Limit
Z has a pvalue of 0.025 when
. So
![Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Z%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7BX%20-%20%5Cmu%7D%7B%5Csigma%7D)
![-1.96 = \frac{X - 48}{4}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=-1.96%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7BX%20-%2048%7D%7B4%7D)
![X - 48 = -1.96*4](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=X%20-%2048%20%3D%20-1.96%2A4)
![X = 40.16](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=X%20%3D%2040.16)
Upper Limit
Z has a pvalue of 0.975 when
. So
![Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Z%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7BX%20-%20%5Cmu%7D%7B%5Csigma%7D)
![1.96 = \frac{X - 48}{4}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=1.96%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7BX%20-%2048%7D%7B4%7D)
![X - 48 = 1.96*4](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=X%20-%2048%20%3D%201.96%2A4)
![X = 55.84](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=X%20%3D%2055.84)
The interval that describes how long it takes for passengers to board the middle 95% of the time is between 40.16 minutes and 55.84 minutes.