Answer:
The autonomic nervous system is the main neural regulator of circulation and blood pressure in the short term and beat by beat and exerts its function through various reflexes that regulate vasomotor tone, heart rate and cardiac output. At the renal level, the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system is possibly the most important in the maintenance of arterial homeostasis.
Explanation:
Blood pressure is regulated by a series of interrelated autonomic systems and humoral reflexes, which continually adjust the determining elements of the system (heart rate, stroke volume, total peripheral resistance and circulating volume).The effective circulating volume is controlled by a series of reflex systems, which obtain information about the perfusion pressure (baroreceptors in the carotid bulb and aortic arch), plasma osmolarity (hypothalamus) and urinary sodium (distal tubule).The kidney has its own self-regulatory mechanisms. The reduction in renal blood flow is detected at the level of the mesangial cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus, starting the renin-angiotensin system. The increase in angiotensin II produces on the one hand local vasoconstriction, and on the other hand stimulates the production of aldosterone by the adrenal cortex with the consequent tubular reabsorption of sodium and water.Antidiuretic hormone or vasopressin (released from the hypothalamus by stimulation of arterial baroreceptors and also by stimulation of angiotensin II) also acts at the renal level, which acts as a powerful and water-saving vasoconstrictor in the distal tubule.
Answer:
E: specific proteins that are made by a cell under particular conditions
Explanation:
It is only specific proteins that are made by a cell under particular conditions can't be obtained from a genome sequence. In order to get information about this protein we need proteomics.
Genome sequence gives us an idea of nucleotide sequence of DNA and RNA molecules not proteins. Regulatory sequences such as promoters, enhancers, insulators, UTRs etc. all are a part of genome, rRNA genes are part of genome sequence too, non coding repetitive repeats and intron regions are also a part of genome sequence itself so option A, B & D are incorrect. Option C is also incorrect because amino acid sequence of proteins can also be determined by genome sequences because each nucleotide triplet which is known as codon refers to a specific amino acid. Option E is correct because by genome sequence we can easily get to know about amino acid sequence but not about specific protein which is synthesized at a particular condition.
