Stem cells grown on a hard, rigid surface are biased into differentiating into a bone cell lineage.
the answer is its bone cells
The correct answer is letter A. Venom glands and varied diets are the reasons why cane toads are considered as invasive species in Australia. They cause major ecological imbalance within their immediate surroundings and have caused an infestation all over Australia.
In the context of protein digestion, protein breakdown into its amino acid constituents is completed by <u>proteases </u><u>produced in the small intestine</u>
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- Protein-degrading enzymes are referred to as proteases. These enzymes are produced by bacteria, fungus, plants, and mammals.
- Proteins in the body or on the skin are broken down by proteolytic enzymes.
- This may aid in digestion or the breakdown of proteins that contribute to inflammation and pain.
- The small intestine, pancreas, and stomach all manufacture protease.
- The stomach and small intestine are where the majority of chemical reactions take place.
- Pepsin is the primary digestive enzyme that targets proteins in the stomach.
- Proteases are released by the pancreas into the proximal small intestine, where they combine with proteins that have already been altered by gastric secretions and break them down into amino acids, which are then absorbed and utilized by the body as necessary.
learn more about proteases here:
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<span>Norepinephrine uses the Second
Messenger System, which means, cells signal to each other what molecules have
been released that will trigger a physiological reaction. </span>
<span>
This phenomenon is activated after the ligand (ion or molecule) is bonded to its receptor
(protein molecule), creating a variation that causes a chain-reaction, that will
finally activate the Second Messenger. The latter will activate intercellular
molecules that will be able to control the cell’s activity. </span>
Ptolemy's model was Geocentric. This means that it put the earth at the center of the solar system, instead of the sun, with all celestial objects orbiting it. The first person to prove the validity of the heliocentric theory was Nicolaus Copernicus.
