Answer:
Combined parenting leads to faster reproduction
Explanation:
Genetic diversity or variations in the physical appearance of organisms is caused by genetic or environmental factors. Reproduction brings about variation through gamete formation, fertilization and mutations.
During prophase 1 of meiosis, homologous chromosomes pair to form bivalents. The crossing over at the chiasmata results in new gene combination and variations.
Fertilization permits parental genes to be brought together. This causes variations in members of the same family.
Mutation is the spontaneous change in genetic make-up. These changes may be inherited by offspring bringing variations. However, combining parenting does not increase genetic diversity.
Answer:
A bottom-up system concentrates attention on how resources (space and nutrients) influence higher trophic forms , whereas a top-down system focuses on interactions at top level consumers (predators) and their prey influence on lower trophic forms.
Explanation:
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The limbic cortex. Another area called the precuneus also plays a role.
