Henri-Robert-Marcel Duchamp is a French artist who later became a citizen of the United States in 1955. His work and ideas were quite influential in the development of Western art after World War II.
He was most associated with the Dada / Dadaism and Surrealism movements, but his participation in Surrealism was not very visible. After being involved in the Dada movement in New York then he participated in the Dada movement in Paris.
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Dada or Dadaism is a cultural movement that was born in neutral territory, namely Zürich, Switzerland, during World War I (1916-1920). This movement includes visual arts, literature (poetry, performance art, art theory), theater and graphic design. This movement focuses on anti-war politics through the rejection of the rules of art that apply through the work of anti-arts culture. The activities of this movement include public meetings, demonstrations, and publication of art/literature journals. Art, politics, and culture became the main topics in their publications. This movement inspired the emergence of movements afterward: Avant-garde, city music movements, and other groups such as Surrealism, Nouveau Réalism, Pop Art and Fluxus.
Dadaism is a rebel stream between artists and writers. And have the spirit of rejecting the frame of thinking "art is something high, expensive, serious, complicated, and exclusive". They hate the frame of thinking "high art" because that kind of art belongs to the middle class and above who have a false aesthetic.
Surrealism is a cultural movement that began in the mid-1920s. Surrealism is the most widely known art and writing. This work has an element of surprise, unexpected items placed near each other for no apparent reason. Many surrealist artists and writers see their work as the first and most advanced expression of the philosophical movement. The work is an artifact, and André Breton says that surrealism is above all revolutionary movements. From the activities of Dadaism, surrealism was formed with the center of its most important movement in Paris. From the 1920s this flow spread throughout the world. Surrealism influenced films such as Angel's Egg and El Topo.
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Dadaism brainly.com/question/9693451
Surrealism brainly.com/question/9693451
Details
Class: High School
Subject: Social Studies
Keywords: Duchamp, dadaism, surrealism
