C. they went by names other than those they were born with.
The term christened anew is used to refer some people that after some event in their lifes changed their names, for example baptism with time the term was used to other events like changing cities, or going to america in the search for a new life.
Around 200 thousand innocent people died. Around 100 thousand in each bombing. Japan also faced lots of money in property damage, as they had to rebuild. Finally they lost lots of military power.