Phase 1: Starts with the separation between populations. Separated populations become adapted to local conditions and become genetically differentiated over time.
Phase 2: Genetic isolation is completed, reproductive isolation develops mostly in the forms of prezygotic RIMs.
Answer:
a) All males will have dark wings, all females will have light wings. See attachment
b) Males - 50:50 dark:light, females, 100% dark wings
Explanation:
The ZW sex determination system is different from the XY sex determination system. Females are ZW, whereas males are ZZ (in contrast to XY system where females have two of the same chromosome [XX] and males have two different ones [XY]).
a) The potential genotypes of the F1 are shown in attachment. This shows that all males will have dark wings (Ll) (all heterozygous) and all females will have light wings (l) (all will inherit l allele from father)
b) The potential genotypes of the F2 are shown in attachment. This shows that 50% of the males will have light wings (Ll), and 50% will have dark wings (ll). All of the females will have dark wings (L).
Answer: it will be A..
Explanation: Gene flow is the transfer of genes across two populations. This happens if there is mating between the two populations. However, this can be curtailed either by allopatry (due to geographical isolation) or sympatry (due to behavioral isolation) which results in reproductive isolation between the two populations. If the two population were of the same species, then the reproductive isolation can result in divergent speciation of the two populations.