Answer: adaptive immune response
Explanation:
Autoimmune disorders are caused by different microoorganism and drug which manipulates the immune system in a way that immune system become unable to recognise between self antigen and foreign antigen. In that case immune system treats foreign antigen as self antigen which cause systemic or organ specific damage.
The exact cause of autoimmune disorders is unknown and hence it is thought that it is caused by adaptive immune response which builds against self antigens and causes damage to the cells.
Hence, some autoimmune disorders are thought to be caused by adaptive immune response.
Answer:
the control group is NS (normal stomach cells). the different cells can react different ways based on the specific cell because each cell in different people codes for different traits in each person therefore they are likely to react differently. the higher the SIRT3 expression the higher the cytoplasmic ATP levels. the difference is about 1 difference.
Explanation:
The ratio of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen are 1:2:1 in carbohydrates
The porcupine is a rodent with an unusual trait. Porcupines have sharp spines or quills that help protect it against its predators. This trait is different from other rodents because of its needle like quills. This animal is also similar to that of a hedgehogs.
