Expecting war, and seeing an opportunity in the forward basing of the U.S. Pacific Fleet in Hawaii, the Japanese began planning in early 1941 for an attack on Pearl Harbor. First, the Pacific Fleet was a formidable force, and would not be easy to defeat or to surprise.
By the time World War II ended, most American officials agreed that the best defense against the Soviet threat was a strategy called “containment.” In his famous “Long Telegram,” the diplomat George Kennan (1904-2005) explained the policy: The Soviet Union, he wrote, was “a political force committed fanatically to the belief that with the U.S. there can be no permanent modus vivendi [agreement between parties that disagree].” As a result, America’s only choice was the “long-term, patient but firm and vigilant containment of Russian expansive tendencies.” “It must be the policy of the United States,” he declared before Congress in 1947, “to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation…by outside pressures.” This way of thinking would shape American foreign policy for the next four decades.
c. Little changed in the North; segregation continued.
Following the end of Reconstruction, the policy of race relations remained the same if not getting worse in some areas of the country. Segregation was a common methods used to create racial structure especially in the South.
The North saw little racial diversity and in the areas were blacks and whites lived together life stayed as it had. The South began a policy of segregation referred to as Jim Crow laws. The segregation policy created separate facilities for whites and blacks including schools, libraries, and transportation services. These policies would remain in effect until the 1950's--1960's.
C.) To prevent East Germans from escaping West Germany.
