Question

1, Explain the endosymbiotic theory of the origin of eukaryotic cells in your own words.

Answer 1

1. The endosymbiotic theory of the origin of eukaryotic cells:  Possibly 2 or more prokaryotic cells are predecessors to modern day eukaryotic cells.
2. Mitochondria contains ribosomes,and is responsible for its own reproduction. Ribosomes in mitochondria are similar in size to these small organelles found inside prokaryotic cells.This shows how parts of the eukaryotic cells relate to prokaryotic cells in regards to "the endosymbiotic theory".  Mitochondria is responsible for reproducing its self in the prokaryatic cell. The reproduction of organelles in a eukaryotic cell is controlled by the cell’s nucleus.  If the prokaryatic,or eukaryotic cell's mitochondria is removed, it cannot build new ones.This shows how parts of the eukaryotic cells relate to prokaryotic cells in regards to "the endosymbiotic theory"
3. Professor Kwang Jeon discovered that the surviving amoebas, and their offspring, couldn't survive without the bacteria. This is similar to the endosymbotic theory. The host cell and the bacteria cell it ingested developed a beneficial existence. Overtime they lost the ability to live without each .This shows how cells become dependent on ingested,or invading cells.

Answer 2

(1) The endosymbiotic theory is the theory that concerns the origin of eukaryotic cells. It says that a prototypic nucleated eukaryotic cell obtained both the mitochondria and the chloroplast from engulfing prokaryotes capable of oxidative phosphorylation and photosynthesis respectively. This prototypic eukaryotic cell then evolved to become higher order beings. 

(2) Both the mitochondria and the prokaryotic cells have its own genetic material, in fact, the mitochondria has its own DNA (mtDNA) different from the nucleus.This mtDNA undergoes transcription just like prokaryotic DNA to make mRNA and eventually functional proteins.

(3) One primary example of endosymbiosis is the presence of plastids in plants and the presence of mitochondria in animal cells. These represent the prokaryotic organisms that were engulfed by the prototypic eukaryotic cell in the past.