Atomic number is same number as the protons...
Neutrons = Mass number - Atomic number ( protons)
Electrons are same number as protons unless the element has a charge..
If it has a charge of +2 it means that the element has 2 less electrons than the neutral atom. If it has a charge of -2 it means that the element has 2 more electrons than what it is supposed to..
It is better for the whales to go where the whales have the ability to dive longer and deeper to find cooler water.