The climate patters are heavily influenced by the latitude, and this is due to the amount of sunlight each latitude zone receives.
The zones that are at the equator and its closer surrounding are zones where the sun hits the most, and that is because the sunlight falls more directly, thus the sunlight is more concentrated and creates much warmer climates.
As the zones move further away from the equator, both north and south, they become colder and colder, and this is because of the dispersal of the sunlight which makes it much less concentrated, and that is occurring because of the shape of the Earth.
