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OLEGan [10]
3 years ago
9

In a hydrogen ion pump, the energy is used to join small molecules together

Biology
1 answer:
LuckyWell [14K]3 years ago
5 0

i think the correct answer is B considering that the channels are not always open for the protons to freely diffuse through the inner membrane.

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Write a 600 word report discussing nuclear reactors. The report should include a description of the way a reactor works and the
barxatty [35]

Answer:

Explanation:

A nuclear reactor is an installation capable of initiating, maintaining and controlling the chain fission reactions that take place in the reactor core, consisting of the fuel, coolant, control elements, structural materials and moderator in the case of nuclear thermal reactors.

The core is the part of the reactor where the nuclear chain reaction is produced and maintained.

Components of the core:

The fuel of a nuclear reactor is fissionable material.

Control rod beams provide a rapid means of controlling the nuclear reaction, allowing rapid changes in reactor power and eventual shutdown in case of emergency.

The neutrons produced in fission have a high energy in the form of velocity. Their speed should be reduced to increase the probability of other atoms fissioning and not to stop the chain reaction. This is achieved by elastic collisions of the neutrons with the nuclei of the moderator.

Most of the energy released by fission is in the form of heat. To be able to use this, a refrigerant must pass through the interior of the reactor that absorbs and transports this heat.

In a nuclear chain reaction, a certain number of neutrons tend to escape from the region where it is produced. This neutron leakage can be minimized by the existence of a reflecting medium, thus increasing the efficiency of the reactor.

When the reactor is in operation, a large amount of radiation is generated. Protection is needed to isolate the installation workers from radiation caused by fission products. Therefore, a biological shield is placed around the reactor to intercept these emissions.

A breeder reactor is a nuclear reactor that generates more fissile material in the fuel than it consumes. Considered highly attractive because of their superior fuel economy: a normal reactor consumes less than 1% of the natural uranium that starts the fuel cycle, while a 'breeder' can burn it almost completely. It also generates less waste for the same amounts of energy. Breeders can be designed to use thorium, which is more abundant than uranium. Currently, there is renewed interest in both breeder designs due to the increased price of natural uranium.

All commercial reactors breed fuel, but they have low (though still significant) breeding ratios when compared to machines that are traditionally considered breeders. In recent years, the commercial energy industry has been emphasizing high burn fuels, which last longer in the core of the reactor.

Reproduction of fissile fuel is a common feature in reactors, but commercial reactors are not optimized for this feature which is referred to as improved burning. Up to one-third of all electricity produced in the current U.S. reactor inventory comes from reproducible fuel, and the industry is working hard to increase that percentage over time.

The advantages are:

Generates a large amount of electricity

No production of greenhouse gases

Dependence on oil is reduced

Less damage to the environment

A major disadvantage is the difficult management of the nuclear waste generated.

Nuclear power plants have a limited lifetime. The investment for the construction of a nuclear plant is very high.

4 0
3 years ago
Consider 2 genes in peas- gene controlling seed color- yellow Vs green; gene controlling seed texture-smooth Vs wrinkled. Assume
Luden [163]

Answer:

Smooth & yellow: 9

smooth & green: 3

wrinkled & yellow: 3

wrinkled & green: 1

Explanation:

Gene controlling seed color are yellow Vs green

Gene controlling seed texture are smooth Vs wrinkled

In F1 generation, A true breeding smooth green plant (SSyy) is crossed to a true breeding wrinkled yellow (ssYY)

Off spring in F1 generation are smooth yellow (SsYy)

This means smooth texture is dominant over wrinkled texture and yellow color is dominant over green  

in F2 generation, the cross is carried between SsYy

SY         Sy        sY          sy

SY SSYY SSYy SsYY SsYy

Sy SSYy SSyy SsYy Ssyy

sY SsYY SsYy ssYY ssYy

sy SsYy Ssyy ssYy ssyy

Smooth & yellow: 9

smooth & green: 3

wrinkled & yellow: 3

wrinkled & green: 1

4 0
3 years ago
Coal formation is largely the result of _____.
Nookie1986 [14]

Answer:magma

Explanation:

4 0
3 years ago
How are asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction related?
kykrilka [37]
Asexual reproduction generates offspring that are genetically identical to a single parent. In sexual reproduction, two parents contribute genetic information to produce unique offspring.
5 0
3 years ago
Aquatics science I need help
7nadin3 [17]

Answer:

Substance C

Explanation:

From the statement scenario, it is given that no water remained above substance C. This then means that substance C actually absorbed all the water above it faster than the two other substances.

Therefore, we can deduce that substance C has the greatest porosity. This means that it has the highest amount of spaces within where the water can be absorbed.

Porosity has to do with the available empty spaces which is within a material. This property allows materials or substances to absorb other substances that are absorbable.

7 0
2 years ago
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