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Alexandra [31]
3 years ago
13

If a cell loses control of gene expression, what happens?

Biology
1 answer:
kipiarov [429]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

Abnormal, unhealthy cells develop

Explanation:

Gene expression is the process through which genes are turned on through transcription, and to some extent through the translation of the mRNA.

Gene expression is highly regulated to ensure the cell can create the correct combination of proteins to carry out it's tasks. If gene expression is out of control, the mRNAs that are transcribed in the cell are not properly regulated, and therefore the proteins in the cell are not regulated. Since proteins carry out essentially every function in the cell, the cell becomes unhealthy, and incorrectly uses its resources.

Accurate control of gene expression also ensures that the cell can perform specialized functions, it is what makes a heart cell distinct from a brain cell, for example. Therefore, if it is out of control, cells will not be specialized correctly.

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What is the determining factor for the transcription of structural genes of the trp operon?
padilas [110]

The right answer is 3. the availability of tryptophan in the environment

The TRP operon regulation depends on the availability of the tryptophan molecule (it depends if the cell need tryptophan or already has it).

There are two modes of regulation of the trp operon: Suppression and Mitigation

*Repression

The synthesis of operon mRNA is controlled by a repressor that blocks transcription when bound by tryptophan, which acts as a co-repressor.

The repressor, a 108 aa homodimer (ie 2 apo-repressor), has helix-turn-helix domains that interact with inverted repeats at the major groove of the operator, thus allowing its fixation.

In the absence of trp, the repressor is inactive and does not attach to the operator. The RNA polymerase can bind to the promoter and transcribe the trp E, D, C, B, A structural genes.

In the presence of trp, the repressor changes conformation and becomes active, so it binds to the operator, preventing RNA polymerase from accessing the promoter so transcription will not occur.

* The Attenuation

This is a premature termination of transcription that is a function of Trp concentration. It takes place at a late moment of transcription while regulation by repression is done during the initiation.

1st Case: Low Trp Rate, Continuous Transcription, → Formation of the Anti-attenuator in the absence of trp, and therefore the synthesis of tryptophan is continued.

2nd case: High rate of trp, stop transcription, → Formation of the attenuator in the presence of trp. This one will attenuate the synthesis of tryptophan.

4 0
3 years ago
while working in the lab,you drop an empty flash on the floor and it breaks. what is the appropriate action to take
ladessa [460]

Answer:

clean it up

Explanation:

cause if someone isn't looking where they're going and they trip on something then fall in the glass

6 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Does endoplasmic reticulum play a part in cell division
stich3 [128]
ER membranes flow to Golgi through ERGICs and get fragmented into small vesicles. When the cell divides, those vesicles within the daughter cells reassemble Golgi and ER to resume membrane traffic
7 0
3 years ago
At the complete end of cellular respiration, how many molecules of ATP are produced
Vlad1618 [11]

Answer:

38 ATP

Explanation:

On complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose yields 38 ATP.  Break up of energy production is given below:  

  • During glycolysis 2 ATP and 2 NADH is produced.
  • During formation of Acetyl CoA, 2 NADH is produced.  
  • During Citric Acid Cycle, 2 ATP, 6 NADH, 2 FADH₂ are produced.  

Finally during Electron transport chain, reduced coenzymes NADH and FADH₂ oxidised to release ATP. Each NADH produce 3ATP and each FADH₂ produces 2 ATP. Altogether 10 NADH is produced during entire process of cellular respiration which yield 30 ATP and 2 FADH₂ yields 4 ATP. Therefore, on complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose yields 38 ATP.

7 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Which of the following statements regarding restriction enzymes is NOT true?
Anni [7]

Answer:

The correct option is option A

Explanation:

Restriction enzymes are endocleases that cleave DNA fragment (<u>of usually four, five or six nucleotide long</u>) at <u>specific sites to produce blunt or sticky ends</u>. They <u>recognize palindromic sequences of host DNA when cleaving the specific sites</u>. The sequences below (on complementary strands) give an example of a palindromic sequences.

5'-CCC║GGG-3'

3'-GGG║CCC-5'

As can be seen above, when read from 5' to 3', the two sequences are the same despite being on opposing strands. And when cut between the guanine (G) and cytosine (C) (as shown above), it produces a blunt end. But when cut as shown below produces a sticky end.

5'- G║AATTC -3'

3'- CTTAA║G -5'

The explanation above shows options C and D are right while option A is wrong (hence the correct option).

Also, bacteria prevent their own DNA from been digested by restriction enzymes by adding methyl group to their restriction sites <u>which prevents restriction enzymes from recognizing restriction sites of their DNA;</u> this generally makes bacterial DNA to be highly methylated. This explanation makes option B right also.

6 0
3 years ago
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