Answer:
1. physical and chemical barriers
2.non-specific innate response
3. specific adaptive responses
Explanation:
A spherically shaped bacteria are known as cocci..
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The randomness in the alignment of recombined chromosomes at the metaphase plate, coupled with the crossing over events between nonsister chromatids, are responsible for much of the genetic variation in the offspring. To clarify this further, remember that the homologous chromosomes of a sexually reproducing organism are originally inherited as two separate sets, one from each parent. Using humans as an example, one set of 23 chromosomes is present in the egg donated by the mother. The father provides the other set of 23 chromosomes in the sperm that fertilizes the egg. Every cell of the multicellular offspring has copies of the original two sets of homologous chromosomes. In prophase I of meiosis, the homologous chromosomes form the tetrads. In metaphase I, these pairs line up at the midway point between the two poles of the cell to form the metaphase plate. Because there is an equal chance that a microtubule fiber will encounter a maternally or paternally inherited chromosome, the arrangement of the tetrads at the metaphase plate is random. Thus, any maternally inherited chromosome may face either pole. Likewise, any paternally inherited chromosome may also face either pole. The orientation of each tetrad is independent of the orientation of the other 22 tetrads.
Explanation:
Radiation therapy can lead to some of serious symptoms such as mucosal ulceration, nausea, vomiting, anorexia and diarrhea. encouraging fluids and soft food helps to reduce anorexia. antiemetics are important and should be given before nausea starts. antispasmodics play important role in reducing diarrhea. on the other hand mouthwashes can be used to prevent mycosis
The survival of every ecosystem is dependent on the producers<span>. Without </span>producer s<span>capturing the energy from the sun and turning it into glucose, an ecosystem could not exist. On </span>land,plants<span> are the dominant </span>producers<span>. Phytoplankton, tiny photosynthetic organisms, are </span><span>the most common producers</span>
