Option A: The vessel has sailed 34 miles South
Explanation:
Given that the vessel sails 41 miles S 35° E.
We need to determine the how far south the vessel has sailed.
Let us use the Pythagorean theorem to find the distance of the vessel has sailed.
Thus, we have,
Substituting ,
and
Hence, we get,
Simplifying, we have,
Multiplying both sides by 41, we have,
Rounding off to the nearest integer, we have,
Thus, the vessel has sailed 34 miles South.
Therefore, Option B is the correct answer.