1.The correct
answer here is C. Socialism is based on shared goods, shared ownership and democratic
control, that is shared control, of the means of production. Means of
production are also called factors of production and they refer to facilities and
raw materials as well as the tools and the machine necessary for the production
of goods. There are different types of socialism but the democratic use of
means of production is usually present in many of them.
2.The correct answer
here is B. The laissez-faire economics is the type of economy with no to
minimum government involvement, which preferably means no regulation whatsoever
on any kind of government regulations, tariffs even subsidies and privileges. The
philosophy of this economic model is that the things should be left to happen
as they would happen and that individuals have free reign on how they do
business.
3.The correct
answer here is A. The working conditions were terrible for all the factory
workers during the Industrial Revolution, as they worked for meager pay and in
hazardous conditions. The situation was even worse for women and children. Because
they were small the children were often given dangerous jobs around the factory
as they could squeeze into tight places. Women also worked crazy hours and on
top of that were in charge of housework and child upbringing.
4.The correct
answer here is D. As I said before children were in very high demand during the
Industrial Revolution especially because of their size. They were nimble, they
were small and could fit where other workers couldn’t. Maybe what was the most important
aspect was they were extremely cheap as they had lower wages then adult workers
in the factories. This unfortunately led to many children being injured and
possibly even killed as accidents were bound to happen.
5. The correct
answer here is again D. The Industrial Revolution was a major cause for the urbanization.
The cities grew larger and larger as the factories lured more and more workers
with the prospect of work. The people who came were often from the rural areas
or they were mostly immigrants looking to start a life in a new country. Whatever
the conditions in the factories were there was no denying that they attracted a
lot of people eager for work.
6.The correct
answer here is A. Again, looking at the previous answer you can see that urbanization
is the increase of the population in the cities. The cities received a large
influx of people which led to the among other things increased urban
development as there was a need to build houses for the workers who arrived. This
fast urbanization really invigorated the real estate industry as well as the
service sector. Though the effect was negative on the smaller towns and
villages from which people migrated.
7.The correct
answer here is D. James Watt is often though of as an inventor of the steam
powered machines, but that is not true. He is actually the one who perfected the
steam engine system based on the designs of Thomas Newcomen and made it much more
suitable for larger scale use. Watt introduced number of changes which allowed
the steam engines to produce much more power while consuming significantly less
energy.
8.The correct answer
here is C. Canals is what played a major role in the industrialization of
Britain in particular. Before the use of canals, the coal had to be transported to
factories via carriages which was an expensive an time consuming effort. The transport
via boats through the canals was much more time efficient and money efficient effort.
More coal could have been transported from the mines in much less time while
the whole endeavor costed significantly less than the land transport.
