Social Darwinism explained the operation of society as "survival of the fittest."
People often associate the term "survival of the fittest" with Charles Darwin, but actually it was terminology that came from Herbert Spencer, the founder of what is known as Social Darwinism. (Spencer wouldn't have called it that - he and Darwin were rivals.) Darwin used the term "natural selection" in his descriptions of biological evolution. Spencer was unafraid to apply the same concepts to competition within the human species, contending that the stronger, fitter social or cultural groups will survive better than others and dominate over weaker groups.
One of the many, many problems Jeb Bush faces in his quest for the Oval Office is his break from Republican orthodoxy on president Ronald Reagan's legacy. In 2012, Bush told a group of reporters that, in today's GOP, Reagan "would be criticized for doing the things that he did"— namely, working with Democrats to pass legislation. He added that Reagan would struggle to secure the GOP nomination today.
Bush was lambasted by fellow conservatives for his comments, but he had a point: If you judge him by the uncompromising small government standards of today's GOP, Reagan was a disaster. Here are a few charts that show why.
Under Reagan, the national debt almost tripled, from $907 billion in 1980 to $2.6 trillion in 1988:
Reagan ended his 1988 farewell speech<span> with the memorable line, "man is not free unless government is limited." The line is still a rallying cry for the right wing, but the speech came at the end of a long period of government expansion. Under Reagan, the federal workforce increased by about 324,000 to almost 5.3 million people. (The new hires weren't just soldiers to fight the communists, either: uniformed military personnel only accounted for 26 percent of the increase.) In 2012, the federal government employed almost a million fewer people than it did in the last year of Reagan's presidency.</span>
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