National Security Council
Piaget would say that this is an example of "<span>Substage 3: Secondary circular reactions".
Substage 3 refers to the 4 - 8 months of age, is Secondary Circular Reactions. In this stage attempts to rehash risk pleasurable activities, in nature; e.g. hitting a portable; getting a glass are included.Looks for objects that have dropped from view or an incompletely covered up.</span>
Answer: B. Punishment
Explanation: There are different learning processes, one of such is operant conditioning which is an associative type of learning process which is used to modify a stimulus or behavior. These modifications are made using either reinforcement or punishment.
Punishment is used to reduce or completely eliminate a behavior or stimulus. It is a change that occurs after a stimulus such that it reduces or completely eliminates the occurrence of such behavior again in the future. While reinforcement increase the chances of reoccurence of such behavior.
Humanistic Psychology
Humanistic, humanism and humanist are sobriquets used in psychology which relates to an approach for studying the whole person and the unique feature of each person.
Abraham Maslow is recognized to be the Father of Humanistic Psychology. His theory is prefaced on the beliefs of humanism and existentialism which proposes that it is the unique experience of the person that which is the most important aspect of the study and investigation of human behavior.
Carl Rogers (1902-1987) was a humanistic psychologist who agreed with the chief theories of Abraham Maslow, but he had added to the Maslow's theory that for each person to "grow", they need an environment which can provide them with self-disclosure, being seen with unconditional positive regard, openness, and empathy which is act of being attended to and appreciated.
The crisis of the Roman Catholic Church was the rise of the Protestants. The movement initiated by these people is called "Reformation" which was led by Martin Luther and was continued by John Calvin and others. The movement aims to "reform the Catholic Church, mainly its religious forms." This became a threat to the absolute power of the Church.
