Answer:
The energy that these molecules carry is stored in a bond that holds a single atom to the molecule. For ATP, it is a phosphate atom, and for NADPH, it is a hydrogen atom.
These electrons are used to produce NADPH as well as ATP in a series of reactions called the light reactions because they require light. NADPH and ATP formed by the action of light then reduce carbon dioxide and convert it into 3-phosphoglycerate by a series of reactions called the Calvin cycle or the dark reactions.
The global average atmospheric carbon dioxide in 2019 was 409.8 parts per million (ppm for short), with a range of uncertainty of plus or minus 0.1 ppm. Carbon dioxide levels today are higher than at any point in at least the past 800,000 years.The carbon cycle describes the process in which carbon atoms continually travel from the atmosphere to the Earth and then back into the atmosphere. Since our planet and its atmosphere form a closed environment, the amount of carbon in this system does not change.
