The cell membrane or cell wall
D
because it reflects the same shape of the figure on the top half
Answer:
hand lens is used to make small object to appear larger hence visibility is easily attained
Answer:
The correct order is dehydration, embed in wax, cut into sections, staining
Explanation:
There are certain proceedings needed to obtain stained sections of vegetable or animal tissues for their microscope observations.
These steps are:
- Obtention of the material: The tissue is cut to an adequate size.
- Fixation: When tissues are extracted from the organism, they suffer autolysis and putrefaction, so they need to be fixated in order to keep their cells in the best state possible. Fixation involves preserving the original morphological and molecular characteristics of the tissue. Fixation avoids autolysis, putrefaction, distortion, and retraction of cells and the tissue that could affect its volume or morphology.
- Dehydration. Once fixated, the fixator must be eliminated and the tissue is dehydrated by using a gradual series of solutions with alcohol in ascendant concentrations. Dehydration must be gradual to avoid tissue deformation.
- Inclusion. To obtain thin cuts that can be observed under the optic microscope, the tissues must be included in a consistent, firm substance, that might be either hydrophilic or hydrophobic. A hydrophobic medium is paraffin wax, that provides hardness and plasticity.
- Cut. The tissue included in wax must be cut in slides or sections thin enough to allow the diffusion and penetration of light. A microtome is used to perform these cuts. When using paraffine for tissue inclusion, the cuts are about 5 to 20 micrometers of thickness.
- Stain. Once the cuts are performed, paraffin wax must be eliminated. This can be done by using an organic solvent. Then the tissue must be stained. Hematoxylin and Eosin are the most common dyes. Animal tissues in general do not have any natural color, so they need to be stained to be observed.
E = mc2 Meaning
At the beginning of the 20th century, the notion of mass underwent a radical revision. Mass lost its absoluteness. One of the striking results of Einstein’s theory of relativity is that mass and energy are equivalent and convertible one into the other. Equivalence of the mass and energy is described by Einstein’s famous formula E = mc2. In words, energy equals massmultiplied by the speed of light squared. Because the speed of light is a very large number, the formula implies that any small amount of matter contains a very large amount of energy. The mass of an object was seen to be equivalent to energy, to be interconvertible with energy, and to increase significantly at exceedingly high speeds near that of light. The total energy of an object was understood to comprise its rest mass as well as its increase of mass caused by increase in kinetic energy.
In special theory of relativity certain types of matter may be created or destroyed, but in all of these processes, the mass and energy associated with such matter remains unchanged in quantity. It was found the rest mass an atomic nucleus is measurably smaller than the sum of the rest masses of its constituent protons, neutrons and electrons. Mass was no longer considered unchangeable in the closed system. The difference is a measure of the nuclear binding energy which holds the nucleus together. According to the Einstein relationship (E = mc2) this binding energy is proportional to this mass difference and it is known as the mass defect.
