Variation means difference in genetic makeup between individuals within a specie.
The atomic number of an isotope is the number of protons it contains, whereas the mass number is the total mass of the nucleus, which is the combined number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. To find the number of neutrons, you must therefore subtract the atomic number of the isotope from the mass number of the isotope.
<span>In the above example, the atomic number is 8 and the mass number is 18. This isotope is known as O18. The number of neutrons in the isotope is: Mass number - Atomic number = Number of neutrons
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6 is true 7 is true 8 is false 9 is true 10 is false
Answer:
A. decrease by half.
B. stay the same.
C. double.
Explanation:
Host-pathogen models resembels the host-parasite models and predator-prey which is used to evaluate the evolutionary strategies of pathogens.
The host-vector-pathogen system can be demonstarted as a change in the number of 4 types of people: healthy hosts, uninfected vectors, infected hosts, and infected vectors.
The threshold density should decrease by half, stay the same, or double, according to the standard host-pathogen model, if the combined death and recovery rate from a disease doubles, and the ability of the disease to spread from infected to uninfected persons.
Hence, the correct options are A. decrease by half, B. stay the same, and C. double.
