Tom refused to accept Sam's input and change his attitude. Interestingly, the input provided by Sam further strengthened Tom's initial attitude. This is an example of a: <u>contrast effect</u>.
<u>Explanation</u>:
A contrast effect is the term used in psychology to explain the aggravation or decline, cognition or related performance as a result of consecutive or simultaneous exposure to a stimulus of lesser or greater value in the same dimension.
The type of contrast depends upon the how the participant considers a situation. There are two types of contrast effect. They are
i) Positive contrast effect
ii) Negative contrast effect
In the above scenario, Tom and Sam were discussing about the tax rates. Conflict arises between them when Sam objects Tom’s view on tax rates. Tom got aggravated and strengthened his attitude.
Operant-conditioning is the process by which a response becomes more likely to occur or less so, depending on its consequences. Shaping is an operant-conditioning procedure in which successive approximations of a desired response are reinforced. shaping spontaneous recovery stimulus generalization stimulus discrimination . This process of establishing a behavior was first developed and used by B.F Skinner,
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