Answer:
C. Coupled reactions establish an electrochemical gradient across a membrane.
Explanation:
- During cellular respiration in mitochondria, and during photosynthesis in chloroplasts, the electron transport chain requires a proton gradient to pump protons across the membrane by active transport.
- Protons flow back across the membrane by facilitated diffusion through ATP synthase, which utilizes them to phosphorylate ADP to ATP.
- This process of ATP synthesis by harnessing the elctrochemicaal gradient geenrated by the diffusion of protons across the biological membrane through ATP synthase is called chemiosmosis.
Answer:
Any sort of prexisting rock whether sedimentary, igneous, or even metamorphic rock must change under extreme conditions like extreme heat or pressure.
Explanation:
An igneous rock is a rock that has been created via cooling of magma.
A sedimentary rock is formed from sediments, whether they be natural like seashells, or other pieces of older rocks that have worn away. usually formed under pressure.
A metamorphic rock is a rock that's changed, because it was put under extreme pressure or exposed to extreme heat.
Think of the part morphic in the word metamorphic-it literally means that it morphed or that it changed dramatically.
There are two ways for a rock to become metamorphic under <u>extreme pressure</u> or <u>extreme heat</u><u>.</u> and there are two types of metamorphic rocks, <u>contact</u> <u>metamorphism</u> and <u>regional metamorphism</u><u>.</u>
Those mean pretty much exactly what they say.
If you have any more questions, ask, but i think I covered the most important parts of the answer.
best of luck
Answer:
The cytochrome b6f is a large multi-subunit protein, which accepts electrons from the plastohydroquinone.
One electron moves linearly toward plastocyanin while the other goes through a cyclic process, which effectively pumps more protons into the thylakoid lumen.
Explanation:
The cytochrome b6f is distributed among both grana and stroma thylakoids equally. They are usually large and embedded in the membrane.
Answer:
Plantlife, grow a garden. Animal life, raise some livestock. And a water source, most definitley.
Explanation:
The process is called osmosis..its the transportation of water