The answer (I believe) is C. Definitely not D, and B. seems unlikely too along with partnerships.
Answer: Layers of coarse sandstone and shale called Chemung Rock, were formed by delta deposits; this bedrock constitutes much of the base of Binghamton. In the western-central part of the State, several north-south stream valleys were broadened and deepened by receding glacial ice.
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B. Cannons… in March 1453 Urban’s cannon had been transported to Edirne to the outskirts of Constantinople
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Answer: The reforms of Cleisthenes In 508, after a short period of old-fashioned aristocratic party struggles, the Athenian state was comprehensively reformed by Cleisthenes, whom Herodotus calls “the man who introduced the tribes and the democracy,” in that order. The order is important.