Answer and Explanation:
1. Matriarchal social systems are developed around cultural norms and practices that see women as the shaping center of society. This type of system promotes a great appreciation of motherhood as a factor that forms society, with this, women, responsible for motherhood occupy prominent positions and leadership in this type of system, becoming rulers and even divinities. A historic example of matriarchal society is Minoan civilization.
2. Patriarchal social systems are developed based on the idea that man is the center of society. This is because the male figure represents strength and protection, which are the concepts and cultural practices that these systems defend. In this type of civilization, men are responsible for leadership and governance roles. An example of this type of civilization is Jewish society.
Institutions are the organizations where government power is exercised and where political struggle takes place.
Institutions serve as the arenas for political struggle and the exercise of governmental power. Both state and non-state actors create and uphold institutions.
An institution in political science is a collection of formal laws like constitutions, unspoken rules, or shared beliefs that set limits and specify how political actors should communicate with one another and exercise governmental power.
Politicians stick to institutions because they want to avoid penalties as much as possible and reap the rewards whenever possible.
Institutions have been shown to impact political processes and results substantially. Establishing the number of people required to change the status quo is how institutions determine the stability and change in a political system.
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