Answer: 3. variable ratio
Options:
1. fixed interval
2. fixed ratio
3. variable ratio
4. variable interval
Explanation: The variable ratio of reinforcement uses rewards to create a high and steady rate of response. The rate of reward for a target behavior is unpredictable so the rat does not know when its response will get a reward. It will keep responding until the reward is delivered.
The options listed above are schedules of reinforcement. They are schedules used in rewarding target behavior in Operant conditioning.
Is this supposed to be a multiple choice?
I think the correct answer would be insulin. Considerable debate occurs regarding the use of anabolic steroid drugs like insulin in professional athletes and bodybuilders. Insulin is known to be used by athletes in the past as it is helpful and important in building muscle tissues. The use of it was banned in 1988 by the International Olympic Committee.