Answer:
The uncompetitive and mixed inhibitors are not affected by the substrate concentration while inhibition by a competitive inhibitor can be overcome by increasing the concentration of the substrate.
Explanation:
A competitive inhibitor competes with the substrate for the active site of the enzyme. When the competitive inhibitor combines with the enzyme and forms the enzyme-inhibitor complex (EI complex), the substrate cannot bind to the active site. However, the inhibition by competitive inhibitor can be overcome by increasing the substrate concentration around the enzyme which in turn would allow the substrate to bind to the active site and the reaction would proceed.
On the other hand, an uncompetitive inhibitor binds to the site at the enzyme different from the active site. Once the ES complex is formed, the uncompetitive inhibitor joins the complex to inhibit the enzymatic activity.
Likewise, a mixed inhibitor also occupies a site on the enzyme distinct from the active site for the substrate. A mixed inhibitor binds to the enzyme or ES complex to inhibit the reaction.
Since the binding site for uncompetitive and mixed inhibitors are distinct from the substrate-binding site on the enzyme, increasing the substrate concentration can not overcome the inhibition.
Answer:
A: light availability
B: nutrients
Explanation:
Both nutrients and light availability affect the primary productivity of the freshwater ecosystem, therefore, scientists study both factors to track associated changes. This is because photosynthesis is driven by sunlight and nutrients availability. It is suggested that the abundance of autotrophs (e.g. phytoplanktons) in an aquatic ecosystem increases as light and nutrients availability increase. Thus, there will be more food available for secondary and tertiary consumers to feed upon. Resultantly, the aquatic environment will turn a biodiversity hotspot where many species of living organisms start dwelling. Thus, scientists mainly ecologists would focus on these two parameters at first that lead to consideration of other parameters.
For more information, you may want to read this scholarly article
https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.4319/lo.2006.51.1.0288
The radiometric dating was off due to loss of daughter isotopes.
