Urbanization has changed literally everything over the years from the environment being destroyed little by little but also it effects water pollution and by factories being made puts a bunch of terrible greenhouse gasses that are not healthy to breath in.
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Diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis
4. Gene frequencies will remain constant
The body attacks particular foreign invaders and <span>immunity is adaptive.</span>
In this case, the black body colour is the dominant one. The white dog is homozygous recessive.
As the cross between the black female 2 and the white male results in all black pups. This means that the all the offsprings are heterozygotes and the Female 1 is homozygous recessive having a BB phenotype (where B codes for dominant allele).
As the cross between the black female and the white male results in four white and three black pups. This means that the all the black offsprings are heterozygotes, and the white ones are homozygous recessive and the Female 2 have a dominant and 1 recessive gene, and is a hetrozygotezygous recessive having a Bb phenotype (where B codes for dominant allele and b codes for recessive allele).