Answer:
The genetic material of most organisms is DNA, which stores the information required for the development, functioning, and reproduction of the organism. DNA is a long piece of nucleotides where both coding and non-coding regions can be identified within the nucleotide sequence. The coding regions contain the information for the production of functional proteins in the organisms. The process of production of the polypeptide chain of the protein inside the cell is known as protein synthesis. Transcription of DNA into mRNA and translation of mRNA into an amino acid sequence of the protein are the sequential steps of the protein synthesis.
Explanation:
Answer:
Most food webs have between 4 and 5 trophic levels
Explanation:
Energy flow: From the whole quantity of energy that reaches the earth's surface, autotroph organisms or producers only absorb 0.1 or 1%.
From the input of solar energy begins a unidirectional energy flow. It passes through all the organisms in the ecosystem, from autotrophs to heterotrophs, until it is eventually dissipated in the environment.
There is an energy transfer from each trophic level to the next, and each level only uses 10% of this energy. This assessment is called "The 10% rule". As a general rule, only about 10% of the energy stored as biomass at one trophic level, per unit time, ends up as biomass at the next trophic level, in the same unit of time. The rest of the energy is used by the organisms in their own metabolism or dissipated as heat to the environment.
The progressive reduction of energy determines the number of trophic levels, which, in general, turns to be between 4 and 5.
In
cell-cell contact , signals pass through a cell junction from one cell to adjacent cells.
Membrane-bound signals bind to receptors on adjacent cells in the process of
paracrine signalling.
An example of
autocrine signalling is when cells release signals that affect themselves and nearby target cells.
In
synaptic signalling cells release signals that affect nearby target cells. Cells release signals that travel long distances to affect target cells during
endocrine signalling.
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Answer:
Directional Selection
Explanation:
The type of natural selection that favors one of the extreme phenotypes over the intermediate and another extreme phenotype is called directional selection. Here, the extreme phenotype exhibits better survival and reproductive fitness over the other phenotypic ranges.
In the given example, the frequency of the heat-tolerant allele in microbes is shown to increase under the conditions of higher temperatures of the water of the springs in which they live.
When the temperature of spring water is increased, the frequency of the heat-tolerant allele is reduced and is increased again upon an increase in water temperature.
Since the natural selection favors the extreme phenotype (microbes with heat tolerance) when the spring water exhibits higher temperatures, it is directional selection.
Answer:
respiratory system
Explanation:
this happens in the lungs, part of the respiratory system
