The "Invisible Hand" is a phrase that is used to describe the unsocial benefits resulting from individual's actions. It was coined by Adam Smith. It also describes the function and operation of free markets within the economy. The idea is that people, as individuals, and their own self interest, end up doing what is best for the society. They are being guided by an "invisible hand."
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Income before tax is the income that is before it has been taxed or before applying deduction.
<u>Explanation:</u>
An individual or organization's salary before taxes and deductions is before tax income for that company, organisation or for a single individual.
For singular pay, it is determined as the person's wages or pay, venture and resource gratefulness, and the sum produced using some other wellspring of pay. In an organization, it is determined as incomes less costs.
Strategic competitiveness is achieved when a firm successfully formulates and implements a value-creating strategy.
<h3>What is a
Strategic competitiveness?</h3>
Strategic competitiveness can be described as one that a firm uses which help to successfully integrates a value-creating strategy.
It should be noted that to have a complete value-creating strategy one need to adopt a holistic approach that includes business strategy, hence Strategic competitiveness is achieved when a firm successfully formulates and implements a value-creating strategy.
Learn more about competition at:
brainly.com/question/9698922
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