Chromosomes are the homologous chromosomes that cross over
Mass decreases at the end stages of normal sized stars, and increases in the end sequences of giant stars, as they turn into a super dense ball, such as a black hole or a pulsar.
Multiply by the power of 10x and you get your answer. Which is by to ten.
Their population will either decrease or they will be forced to migrate. They may also undergo adaptive radiation to adapt to new food sources or environments.