Pretty sure the industrial revolution
but what are the choices?
Vasco de Gama was the first explorer to reach India
It was less concerned with conquering and governing territories
The answer is that they were subject to heavy taxes from the British Government without having any representation against such measures.
I think it was because dynastic rulers were so caught up with war that they had to let china have a time of peace so they could focus on wining their wars. I hope i helped you out!