Answer:
A) 0.1 a, 0.9 A
Explanation:
According to the given information, all the individuals in the founder population had free earlobes. Since the allele for the free earlobes (A) is dominant over the one for the attached earlobes (a), the genotype of each of the homozygous dominant founder individual would be "AA". Humans are diploid and one individual has two alleles for each gene in its genome. Total number of alleles for the earlobe in the founder population = 10 x 2 = 20.
Frequency of dominant allele, A in the founder population = total number of homozygous dominant individuals x 2 + the total number of heterozygous genotype / total alleles for the earlobe in the population. There were 8 homozygous dominant and 2 heterozygous dominant individuals in the population.
So, frequency of dominant allele = 8 x 2 + 2 / 20 = 16 + 2 / 20 = 18/20 = 0.9
Since p+q=1; frequency of recessive allele "a" = 1-p = 1-0.9 = 0.1
The hormones which cause Jane’s problem are the thyroid hormones.
The condition is hypothyroidism
Explanation:
Condition: Hypothyroidism is an endocrine disorder which arises when the thyroid gland cannot produce the necessary amount of thyroid hormones like thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).
Both T3 and T4 are tyrosine-based hormones which regulate metabolism and any deficiency slows down the metabolic processes and can result in high cholesterol levels and atherosclerosis
Causes: An underactive thyroid gland and Autoimmune disorder
Diagnosis: Thyroid function tests by measuring serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and T4 levels
In hypothyroidism, the TSH secreted by the pituitary gland will be high because it is producing more hormones to stimulate the underactive thyroid gland.
An underactive thyroid gland cannot produce normal levels of T4 in the body.
Symptoms: Fatigue and weakness, cold intolerance, weight gain and puffy appearance, hair thinning, dry skin, decreased concentration, poor memory, muscle and body aches etc.
Treatment
: Hormone replacement therapy with levothyroxine
A simple google search of that exact answer will show that "In a human egg or sperm, there are 23<span> chromosomes, one of which is an X or Y. The number of chromosomes is reduced from 46 to 23 during the process of meiosis. Fertilization of the egg by the sperm restores the diploid number of 46 chromosomes."</span>
1) all of these are examples
2) nitrogen fixation
3) No, they can only assimilate nitrogenous compounds in the soil.
