<span>Cytokines are tiny protein hormones that normalize immune
responses and facilitate cell-to-cell communication. The disproportionately
high levels of cytokines released by T cells enter the bloodstream and increase
the number of symptoms, including fever, biliousness, vomiting, diarrhea, and
sometimes tremor. Superantigens which includes staphylococcal toxins that may
lead to food poisoning and toxic shock syndrome.</span>
Answer:
Changes in temperature, pH, enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, and the presence of any inhibitors or activators can affect enzyme activity.
For example increasing substrate concentration increases the rate of reaction.
Explanation:
This is because more substrate molecules will be colliding with enzyme molecules, so more product will be formed.
Answer:
The annual average CO2 concentration for 2021 could be around 416.3ppm, according to Meteorological Office estimates. An annual rise of about 2.5 ppm is possible, which can potentially make 2021 the first year with the annual average CO2 at 50 per cent above pre-industrial levels, the estimates noted
