The answer is B) A series of actions by the Catholic Church intended to spread and defend the Catholic faith.
The counter-reformation was in response to the Protestant reformation, so the first answer is out of the question.
Martin Luthers own actions sparked the Protestant reformation, and as mentioned prior - it was a response to the Protestant reformation (however, during this time they did solidify the power of the pope).
One reason factory owners employed children because they were significantly cheaper than hiring an adult. "the child is paired one shilling or one shilling and six pence". This shows that it's more cost efficient to hire a child.
Another reason factory owners employed children because of their size. Here is a quote to support this "The smallest child in the factories were scavengers they go under the machine". This shows that if the child is smaller they can do more dangerous jobs than an adult.
They need more food to keep fighting
The scientific method exemplify the new emphasis on reason is that the <span>scientists use the same reasonable process each time.
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