The correct answer is: E) cleavage furrow formation and cytokinesis
Cytochalasin B (cytos-cell and chalasis-relaxation) is a molecule which inhibit network formation by actin filaments by blocking monomer addition. As a result, itshortens actin filaments. This molecule is involved in cytoplasmic division where it blocks the formation of contractile microfilaments. One of the microfilament’s function includes cytokinesis and formation of cleavage furrow so these functions are affected by cytochalasin B.
Answer:
Euglena is a large genus of unicellular protists: they have both plant and animal characteristics. All live in water, and move by means of a flagellum. This is an animal characteristic. Most have chloroplasts, which are characteristic of algae and plants.
Intracellular Potassium Shifts and Impaired Potassium Excretion leads to elevated plasma K levels.
What is Hyperkalemia?
- Hyperkalemia, a potentially lethal condition, develops when serum potassium levels rise above 5.5 mmol/l.
- Potassium is the most common intracellular cation and is crucial for many physiological functions, at a concentration of 100-150 mmol/l. The digestive system quickly and usually fully absorbs potassium.
Causes:
- Increased Potassium intake: In adult patients with normal renal function, increased dietary potassium intake is a very rare cause of hyperkalemia, but it can be a significant factor in people with kidney disease.
- Intracellular Potassium Shifts: Large amounts of intracellular potassium can be released into the extracellular area as a result of cellular damage. Excessive activity, rhabdomyolysis after a crush injury, or other hemolytic processes can all be to responsible for this.
- Impaired Potassium Excretion: The most frequent cause of hyperkalemia is acute or chronic renal disease. Hyperkalemia may also result from tubular dysfunction brought on by aldosterone insufficiency or insensitivity.
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Answer: Option E -- RNA Editing
Explanation:
It should be noted that, RNA editing can be defined as a molecular process via which some cells can make discrete changes to specific nucleotide sequences within an mRNA molecule after it has been generated by RNA polymerase. In addition, we have two major types of RNA editing with 1 being a C-to-U change catalyzed by cytidine deaminase that deaminates a cytidine base into a uridine base, e.g C-to-U editing is with the apolipoprotein B gene in humans. ApoB-100 is expressed in the liver and apoB-48 is expressed in the intestines. The B-100 form comprises of a CAA sequence that is edited to UAA, a stop codon, in the intestines.
Nitrogen is the most important component of DNA, protein, enzymes etc. Its recycling in the atmosphere is necessary, beacuse free nitrogen in the atmosphere balance the atmosphere composition. In soil it is important for fertility needed for plant growth. In heterotrophs it is an essential component of organic compounds.
