A molecule of DNA is made up of two strands which are joined by the hydrogen bonds present in the nucleotide bases. The sugar and phosphate make up the backbone of the DNA. The sequence of the nucleotide bases determines the traits that an organism will carry. Genes are hereditary molecules which are made up of sections of DNA. Together, they make up the entire genome for the organism. Each gene is located on a specific place inside the chromosomes. The chromosomes are the element of reproduction as they undergo the process of meiosis and duplicate themselves.
