Answer:
Immunity from vaccination is not as effective as the natural immunity.
Explanation:
Naturally acquired active immunity occurs when the person is exposed to a live pathogen, develops the disease, and becomes immune as a result of the primary immune response. Once a microbe penetrates the body's skin, mucous membranes, or other primary defenses, it interacts with the immune system.
Answers:
a) carcinogenic
b) anti-carcinogenic
c) carcinogenic
d) carcinogenic
e) carcinogenic
f) anti-carcinogenic
g) anti-carcinogenic
h) anti-carcinogenic
Explanation:
Cyclins are proteins that regulate the progression through the cell cycle, i.e., the transition of G1 to S phase. It is well known that high cyclin expression may lead to cell proliferation states, which is closely associated with cancer progression. Moreover, the blockage of cyclins may have an anti-carcinogenic effect by inhibiting the progression through the cell cycle. MAP kinases are serine/threonine kinases that regulate the progression through the cell cycle by phosphorylating a variety of substrates during cell proliferation. In consequence, phosphatases that inactivate MAPK kinases (i.e., by dephosphorylation) may have an anticarcinogenic effect. The p53 is a tumor suppressor protein involved in diverse cellular processes including DNA repair, cycle arrest and programmed cell death. This protein (p53) is activated by phosphorylation at target residues and phosphatases inactivate it, thereby the blockage of its degradation may have an anticarcinogenic effect. Oncogene activation (i.e., the expression of oncogenes), may alter diverse cellular processes including DNA replication, and thereby may lead to cancer development. The G-protein α subunit is a GTPase that hydrolyses GTP and thus has a major role in controlling the kinetics of the G-protein signaling cascade. Platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFR) are kinase receptors that play roles in regulating cellular differentiation, cell proliferation and cell growth. PDGFR receptors are present on the surface of normal cells, however, it has been shown that mutations of the PDGFR genes that lead to their high expression lead to uncontrolled cell growth and consequently cause cancer (i.e., by increasing PDGF signaling).
Phytoplankton - zooplankton- small fish -mammal
This is the food chain of the organisms.
From phytoplankton,which are microorganism, they are eaten by zooplankton. Zooplankton are heterotrophic planktons such as jellyfish and forams. Next to this is small fish, they eat those zooplankton. Lastly, the mammals will eat those fish.
Known as the Influenza A virus subtype H5N1, or more commonly known as the Avian Flu/Bird Flu, H5N1 is enzootic (maintained within a population) globally in many bird populations. According to recent word from the World Health Organization, as well as the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, H5N1 pathogenicity is gradually continuing to rise in endemic areas. However farmed birds are held in check by vaccination, and thus far there is no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission of the H5N1 virus. The number of worldwide outbreaks being reported are steadily decreasing.
Answer:
By 1900, Fingerprint was the evidence which was collected at crime scenes to help positively identify suspects by one particularly unique trait. No two people can have the same type of fingerprints. It is a unique characteristic which is even not common among identical twins. Therefore, was considered as an important evidence for identification of suspects and linking them with the scene of offence. In 1904, the city of St.Louis, Missouri used fingerprint evidence for the first time for criminal identification.
