The strategyn Ralston Purina used is called Trading Up.
Trading up is making the number of features in a product that increases. For an example, making it's quality better, adding extra details etc. They do that sometimes to make the price of their product to go up.
Answer:
0.40
Explanation:
(2) SD( Rxp) = βSD(Rp)= 2(0.20) = 0.40
Answer: $412,600
Explanation:
AFN = Increase in assets - Increase in Liabilities - Addition to Retained Earnings
Increase in Assets
= 5,000,000 * 15%
= $750,000
Increase in Liabilities
Only use Accruals and Accounts Payable
= (450,000 + 450,000) * 15%
= $135,000
Additional to Retained Earnings
= After tax Profit
= 9,200,000 * 4%
= $368,000
Addition to retained earnings = 368,000 * ( 1 - payout ratio)
= 368,000 * ( 1 - 45%)
= $202,400
Additional Funds Needed (AFN) = 750,000 - 135,000 - 202,400
= $412,600
The life cycle of a product is associated with marketing and management decisions within businesses, and all products go through five primary stages: development, introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. Each stage has its costs, opportunities, and risks, and individual products differ in how long they remain at any of the life cycle stages.
