Dropping prices
Increased advertising
Comparing yours to competitors
Answer:
B. False
Explanation:
Flotation costs are cost that are concerned with issuing new common stock. It is the amount of money or cost incurred by an organization when offering its securities to the public. The cost may include legal fees, auditing fees and registration fees. When the flotation cost goes higher, firms are more likely to use debts rather than preferred stock. This is simply because debt is lesser than both common stock and preferred stock. Also, its fallacy to think that preferred stock doesnt have flotation cost. Its only that its not as high as the ones for new common equity.
Answer: Proposal C
Explanation:
The way to solve this is to calculate the Present Values of all these payments. The smallest present value is the best.
Proposal A.
Periodic payment of $2,000 makes this an annuity.
Present value of Annuity = Annuity * ( 1 - ( 1 + r ) ^ -n)/r
= 2,000 * (1 - (1 + 0.5%)⁻⁶⁰) / 0.5%
= $103,451.12
Proposal B
Present value = Down payment + present value of annuity
= 10,000 + [2,200 * ( 1 - ( 1 + 0.5%)⁻⁴⁸) / 0.5%]
= 10,000 + 93,676.70
= $103,676.70
Proposal C
Present value = Present value of annuity + Present value of future payment
= [500 * (1 - (1 + 0.5%)⁻³⁶) / 0.5%] + [116,000 / (1 + 0.5%)⁶⁰]
= 16,435.51 + 85,999.17
= $102,434.68
<em>Proposal C has the lowest present value and so is best. </em>
Answer:
D. All the Above
Explanation:
A. Lead to greater productivity
This is true because through specialization and competitive advantages you can achieve greater productivity in the production of goods and services. If you have a competitive advantage, it is because you have more capital, infrastructure and specialized human capital in the production of a specific type of good or service so that a greater amount of that good can be produced than another country in the same time.
B. Lead to greater output even if you can do everything better than someone else.
This is true since although a country has a competitive advantage in all industries, concentrating its labor and capital in the production of the good or service in which it has the greatest competitive advantage will allow a higher level of production in that sole good/service than if he divided his resources into the production of other goods and services.
C. Lead to international trade and overall gains for the nations involved.
This point, despite being true, is debatable. In theory, international trade allows to reach greater levels of wealth to the countries involved by being able to exchange the goods in which they have competitive advantage for others that if they were produced in the country they would consume part of their resources by not having such high productivity as if it will trade with a country that does have the capacity to produce it.
Having this clear, we can say that all of the above are true, so the answer is D.
