Ok so the solution which greenrune will (hopefully) correct
total is 1.5
p+r=1.5
rule is 1 more than pencil
r=1+p
sub 1+p for r
p+1+p=1.5
2p+1=1.5
minus 1 from both sides
2p=0.5
divide both sides by 2
p=0.25
pencil=$0.25
Answer:

Step-by-step explanation:
Given


Required
Write the equation of the function 
Express the function as:

In: 

--- (1)
In 

--- (2)
Divide (2) by (1)






Substitute 5/6 for b in (1)






The function: 

You didnt include the (presumably) multiple choice answers. My guess is that the answer would be along the lines of: 20 - (P times .40)
Use the formula i = p*r*t:
$456
$456 = $1600*r*6. Solving for r, r = ----------------- = 0.0475, or 4 3/4%
($1600)(6)