Answer:
can be caused by interaction with MHC/peptide in the absence of costimulation
Explanation:
T cells represent a class of white blood cells (lymphocytes) that have a major role in the adaptive immunity of the organism against specific pathogens. Peripheral tolerance is a type of immunological tolerance aimed at ensuring B and T cells that escaped from the central tolerance mechanism do not produce autoimmune diseases. Some populations of lymph node cells can induce peripheral tolerance in T helper cells (Th cells, CD4+ cells) by the presentation of peptide-MHCII (major histocompatibility complex type II) complexes acquired from dendritic cells. These dendritic cells are antigen-presenting cells that play a key role in adaptive immunity, which are well-known to induce CD4 and CD8 T cell tolerance in response to antigens (peptides/proteins).
Answer:
A. III only
Explanation:
Cytochromes are found only in the mitochondrial membrane as part of the electron transport chain. They are vital to the downward cascade of energy as electrons are passed from the NAD+ and FAD produced during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle into the electron transport chain to eventually produce ATP.
Chromosome is to cactus as gene is to needle.
Examples of bacteriophages are: 1) Temperate phages (mu and lambda) 2) Filamentous and spherical phages , both having ssDNA (single stranded DNA)
