It is bright-field...............
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
The pH of a solution containing 0.1 mM H+ is 4
Explanation:
The pH of any solution is given by the following mathematical equation -
![pH = -log[H_{+}]\\](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=pH%20%3D%20-log%5BH_%7B%2B%7D%5D%5C%5C) ----------- Equation (A)
----------- Equation (A)
Where, 
 = the concentration of hydrogen ion in the solution.
 = the concentration of hydrogen ion in the solution.
Given 
 
 
= 
Substituting the given value in equation (A) , we get -
![pH = -log[10^{-4}]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=pH%20%3D%20-log%5B10%5E%7B-4%7D%5D)

Hence, The pH of a solution containing 0.1 mM H+ is 4
 
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
Population trend refers to changes over time and can include changes in ranging behavior (e.g., distance and route) and distribution, biogeography (e.g., size of population) and life-history (e.g., birth and death rates).
 
        
             
        
        
        
It is the first choice, since that (P) is dominant to (p) so yeah Pp will be inflated
        
             
        
        
        
All ecosystems have a feeding hierarchy