Answer:
D. Immune response
Explanation:
An immune response is defined as any reaction that occurs within a host when its body recognizes and defends itself against pathogenic microorganisms (e.g., viruses, bacteria, protists, etc) and/or chemical compounds that look to be foreign and harmful to the body. When the number of detected pathogenic microorganisms increases, the immune system in the host responds by producing cells that attack them or by producing proteins (i.e., antibodies) that destroy the harmful substances. A substance capable of triggering an immune response is known as an antigen (e.g., a structural protein of a pathogenic virus). There are two distinct types of immune responses: 1-innate immune responses, where the body mounts a response immediately without requiring a previous contact with the harmful antigen and does not retain a memory of previous responses; and 2- adaptive immune responses that only occur after exposure to an antigen, these responses are slower but they are specific and produce immunological memory.
1. Disease: The improper functioning of the body brought about by hereditary, infection, diet, or the environment
2. Non-infectious disease: Cannot be spread through contact or any mechanism of transmission
3. Infectious disease: Caused by the spread of harmful microorganisms
4. Viral infection: Caused by the multiplication of a small infectious agent which invades a host cell and then destroys it
5. Bacterial infection: Caused by the reproduction of a small infectious agent which produces poisons that destroy cells
6. Fungal infection: Caused by the the multiplication of fungal organisms on or in the body
7. Protozoan infection: Caused by microscopic parasites
Hope this helps! :)
Answer: Alarm stage
Explanation:
The alarm stage of the body involves the flight or fight response. When the body is exposed to the stress conditions, the typical reactions of the body is stimulated by the help of the hormones like epinephrine and nor epinephrine.
Epinephrine hormone helps in the transportation of the glucose and fatty acid molecules from the fatty cells.
Both of the above hormone helps in increasing the heart rate at the time of stress.
Is their a multiple choice ?