Answer:
A. I, II, III, and V only
Explanation:
In genetics, an allele refers to the specific form of a gene, which encodes traits. These alleles are usually in pairs in a diploid organism i.e. an organism with two sets of chromosomes. According to Gregor Mendel,
- An allele can either be DOMINANT when the allele masks the phenotypic expression of its allelic pair while the allele that is masked is said to be RECESSIVE.
- Two alleles can also be CO-DOMINANT when the two alleles are neither dominant or recessive over one another but are simultaneously expressed in that particular gene.
- Alleles can also be INCOMPLETELY DOMINANT when one allele is not completely dominant over the other, hence, forms a third intermediate phenotype when in combination with the second allele i.e. in an heterozygous state.
Based on this, an allele can be dominant (I), recessive (II), codominant (III), and incompletely dominant (V).
During DNA Replication, the DNA strand that has the bases 3'ATACGC5' produces a strand with the bases 5'TATGCG3'
Answer: Option B
<u>Explanation:</u>
The DNA Replication produces the newly formed two complimentary base pair strand from the two template base pair strand, so basically the already existing DNA strand is replicated, in order to produce complimentary DNA strand, with the template giving one strand to new each.
Thereby, here the given base was 3' ATACGC 5' so the first thing to produce the strand will be that the coding end will be reversed so the 3' end will have 5' end and 5' end will have 3' end. Then A bonds with T and T bonds with A and, so C bonds with G and G bonds with C, therefore, ATACGC will produce TATGCG. Thereby, answer would be 5'TATGCG3'.
<span>Rhabdomyolysis constitutes a common cause of acute renal failure and presents paramount interest. A large variety of causes with different pathogenetic mechanisms can involve skeletal muscles resulting in rhabdomyolysis with or without acute renal failure. Crush syndrome, one of the most common causes of rhabdomyolysis presents increased clinical interest, particularly in areas often involved by earthquakes, such as Greece and Turkey. Drug abusers are another sensitive group of young patients prone to rhabdomyolysis, which attracts the clinical interest of a variety of medical specialties.
We herein review the evidence extracted from updated literature concerning the data related to pathogenetic mechanisms and pathophysiology as well as the management of this interesting syndrome.
Keywords: Rhabdomyolysis, acute renal failure, myoglobin, crush syndrome
The first case of the crush syndrome, which constitutes one of the main causes of rhabdomyolysis, was reported in Sicily in 1908, after an earthquake1,2. In 1930, in the Baltic area, an epidemic of myoglobinuria was observed due to consumption of contaminated fish. Interest in rhabdomyolysis and crash syndrome was stimulated during the World War II particularly after the bombing in London, where the victims developed acute renal failure and myoglobinuria1.
Rhabdomyolysis is a rupture (lysis) of skeletal muscles due to drugs, toxins, inherited disorders, infections, trauma and compression3. Lysis of muscle cells releases toxic intracellular components in the systemic circulation which leads to electrolyte disturbances, hypovolemia, metabolic acidocis, coagulation defects and acute renal failure due to myoglobin4.
The skeletal muscle consists of cylindrical myofibrils, which contain variant structural and contraction proteins. Actin and myosin, arranged in thin and thick filaments respectively, form the repeated functional units of contraction, the sarcomeres5. The sarcoplasmic reticulum constitutes an important cellular calcium storage. It is structurally connected to the t-tubules, that are formed by invaginations of the muscle cell plasma membrane, the sarcelemma, around every fibril (Figure 1). After the sarcelemma depolarization, the stimulation arrives, through the t-tubules junctions, at the sarcoplasmic reticulum, inducing the calcium ions release and triggering muscle contraction6.</span>
YES your correct answer will be the letter B
